Ana kiran batirin wutar lantarki da zuciyar motar lantarki; alamar, kayan aiki, iya aiki, aikin aminci, da sauransu na batirin motar lantarki sun zama mahimman "girma" da "sigogi" don auna motar lantarki. A halin yanzu, farashin batirin motar lantarki gabaɗaya shine kashi 30%-40% na dukkan motar, wanda za'a iya cewa babban kayan haɗi ne!
A halin yanzu, manyan batirin wutar lantarki da ake amfani da su a cikin motocin lantarki a kasuwa galibi an raba su zuwa nau'i biyu: batirin lithium na ternary da batirin lithium iron phosphate. Na gaba, bari in yi ɗan taƙaitaccen bayani game da bambance-bambance da fa'idodi da rashin amfanin batirin biyu:
1. Kayan aiki daban-daban:
Dalilin da ya sa ake kiransa da "lithium ternary" da "lithium iron phosphate" galibi yana nufin sinadaran da ke cikin "abin da ke cikin electrode mai kyau" na batirin wutar lantarki;
"Litium na Ternary":
Kayan cathode yana amfani da kayan lithium nickel cobalt manganate (Li(NiCoMn)O2) na ternary cathode don batirin lithium. Wannan kayan ya haɗa fa'idodin lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide da lithium manganate, wanda ke samar da tsarin eutectic mai matakai uku na kayan guda uku. Saboda tasirin haɗin gwiwa na ternary, cikakken aikinsa ya fi kowane haɗin haɗin kai ɗaya.
"Lithium iron phosphate":
yana nufin batirin lithium-ion wanda ke amfani da lithium iron phosphate a matsayin kayan cathode. Halayensa sune cewa ba ya ƙunshe da abubuwa masu daraja na ƙarfe kamar cobalt, farashin kayan ƙasa yana da ƙasa, kuma albarkatun phosphorus da baƙin ƙarfe suna da yawa a cikin ƙasa, don haka ba za a sami matsalolin wadata ba.
taƙaitaccen bayani
Kayan lithium na Ternary suna da ƙaranci kuma suna ƙaruwa tare da saurin haɓaka motocin lantarki. Farashinsu yana da yawa kuma kayan da ake amfani da su a sama suna da iyaka sosai. Wannan siffa ce ta lithium na Ternary a halin yanzu;
Lithium iron phosphate, saboda yana amfani da ƙarancin rabo na ƙarfe masu daraja/marasa tsada kuma galibi yana da arha kuma yana da yawa, ya fi rahusa fiye da batirin lithium na ternary kuma kayan da aka samar daga sama ba sa shafar sa. Wannan shine siffa ta.
2. Yawan makamashi daban-daban:
"Batirin lithium na Ternary": Saboda amfani da abubuwan ƙarfe masu aiki, yawan kuzarin batirin lithium na yau da kullun gabaɗaya shine (140wh/kg ~ 160wh/kg), wanda ya yi ƙasa da na batirin Ternary tare da babban rabo na nickel (160wh/kg)～180 wh/kg); wani nauyi mai yawa na kuzari zai iya kaiwa 180Wh-240Wh/kg.
"Lithium iron phosphate": Yawan kuzarin gabaɗaya shine 90-110 W/kg; wasu sabbin batirin lithium iron phosphate, kamar batirin ruwan wukake, suna da yawan kuzarin har zuwa 120W/kg-140W/kg.
taƙaitaccen bayani
Babban fa'idar "batir ɗin lithium na ternary" akan "lithium iron phosphate" shine yawan kuzarinsa mai yawa da kuma saurin caji mai sauri.
3. Daban-daban yanayin zafi daidaitawa:
Juriyar ƙarancin zafin jiki:
Batirin lithium na Ternary: Batirin lithium na Ternary yana da kyakkyawan aiki mai ƙarancin zafin jiki kuma yana iya kula da kusan kashi 70% zuwa 80% na ƙarfin batirin da aka saba da shi a -20°C.
Lithium iron phosphate: Ba ya jure wa ƙananan yanayin zafi: Lokacin da zafin jiki ya ƙasa da -10°C,
Batirin lithium iron phosphate yana lalacewa da sauri. Batirin lithium iron phosphate zai iya riƙe kusan kashi 50% zuwa 60% na ƙarfin batirin da aka saba amfani da shi a -20°C.
taƙaitaccen bayani
Akwai babban bambanci a yanayin zafi tsakanin "batir ɗin lithium na ternary" da "batir ɗin lithium na iron phosphate"; "batir ɗin lithium na iron phosphate" ya fi jure wa yanayin zafi mai yawa; kuma "batir ɗin lithium na ternary" mai jure wa yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi yana da mafi kyawun rayuwar baturi a yankunan arewa ko hunturu.
4. Tsawon rayuwa daban-daban:
Idan an yi amfani da sauran ƙarfin/ƙarfin farko = 80% a matsayin ƙarshen gwajin, gwada:
Fakitin batirin lithium iron phosphate suna da tsawon rai fiye da batirin lead-acid da batirin lithium ternary. "Tsawon rai" na batirin lead-acid da ke hawa a cikin abin hawa yana da kusan sau 300 kacal; batirin lithium ternary na iya ɗaukar har sau 2,000 a ka'ida, amma a zahiri, ƙarfin zai lalace zuwa 60% bayan kusan sau 1,000; kuma ainihin rayuwar batirin lithium iron phosphate shine sau 2000, har yanzu akwai ƙarfin kashi 95% a wannan lokacin, kuma tsawon lokacin zagayowarsa ya kai fiye da sau 3000.
taƙaitaccen bayani
Batirin wutar lantarki sune manyan batura na fasaha. Duk nau'ikan batirin lithium suna da ƙarfi sosai. A ka'ida, tsawon rayuwar batirin lithium na ternary yana da zagayowar caji da fitarwa 2,000. Ko da mun yi caji sau ɗaya a rana, zai iya ɗaukar fiye da shekaru 5.
5. Farashi ya bambanta:
Tunda batirin lithium iron phosphate ba ya ƙunshe da kayan ƙarfe masu daraja, farashin kayan za a iya rage shi sosai. Batirin lithium na Ternary suna amfani da lithium nickel cobalt manganate a matsayin kayan lantarki mai kyau da kuma graphite a matsayin kayan lantarki mara kyau, don haka farashin ya fi tsada fiye da batirin lithium iron phosphate.
Batirin lithium na ternary galibi yana amfani da kayan cathode na ternary na "lithium nickel cobalt manganate" ko "lithium nickel cobalt aluminate" a matsayin electrode mai kyau, galibi yana amfani da gishirin nickel, gishirin cobalt, da gishirin manganese a matsayin kayan masarufi. "Cutar cobalt" a cikin waɗannan kayan cathode guda biyu ƙarfe ne mai daraja. A cewar bayanai daga gidajen yanar gizo masu dacewa, farashin ƙarfe na cobalt na cikin gida shine yuan 413,000/ton, kuma tare da raguwar kayan aiki, farashin yana ci gaba da hauhawa. A halin yanzu, farashin batirin lithium na ternary shine 0.85-1 yuan/wh, kuma a halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa tare da buƙatar kasuwa; farashin batirin lithium iron phosphate waɗanda ba su ƙunshi abubuwan ƙarfe masu daraja shine kusan 0.58-0.6 yuan/wh.
taƙaitaccen bayani
Tunda "lithium iron phosphate" ba ya ƙunshe da ƙarfe masu daraja kamar cobalt, farashinsa ya ninka na batirin lithium sau 0.5-0.7 kawai; farashi mai rahusa babban fa'ida ne na lithium iron phosphate.
A taƙaice
Dalilin da ya sa motocin lantarki suka bunƙasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan kuma suna wakiltar alkiblar ci gaban motoci a nan gaba, wanda ke ba wa masu amfani da shi ƙarin ƙwarewa, galibi saboda ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar batirin wutar lantarki.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-28-2023
